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Big Three (credit rating agencies)
The Big Three credit rating agencies are Standard & Poor's (S&P), Moody's, and Fitch Group. S&P and Moody's are based in the US, while Fitch is dual-headquartered in New York City and London, and is controlled by the France-based FIMALAC. As of 2013 they hold a collective global market share of "roughly 95 percent" with Moody's and Standard & Poor's having approximately 40% each, and Fitch around 15%.〔Hill, Claire A. (2002), "Rating Agencies Behaving Badly: The Case of Enron", ''Conn. L. Rev.'' 35, 1145〕
According to an analysis by DeutscheWelle, "their special status has been cemented by law — at first only in the United States, but then in Europe as well."〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dw.de/sp-warning-puts-damper-on-eurogroup-plans/a-15212433-1 )〕 From the mid-1990s until early 2003, the Big Three were the only "Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (NRSROs)" in the United States — a designation meaning they were used by the US government in several regulatory areas. (Four other NRSROs merged with Fitch in the 1990s.)〔(【引用サイトリンク】U.S. SEC Report on the Role and Function of Credit Rating Agencies in the Operation of the Securities Markets )〕
The European Union has considered setting up a state-supported EU-based agency.〔''The Times'', 3 June 2010, (Europe launches credit ratings offensive )〕
==Influence==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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